1. KEY CONCEPT Organisms can be classified based on physical similarities.

3. scientific names always written in italics. Why?

5. Species in the same genus are thought to be closely related.

6. Genus name is always capitalized.

7. A species descriptor is the second part of a scientific name.

8. always lowercase

9. always follows genusname; never written aloneTyto alba

11. Some species have very similar common names.

13. The Linnaean classification system has limitations. Linnaeus taxonomy doesn’t account for molecular evidence. Why? The technology didn’t exist during Linneaus’ time. Linnaean system based only on physical similarities.

16. Cladistics is classification based on common ancestry. Phylogeny shows the evolutionary history for a group of species. evidence from living species, fossil record, and molecular data shown with branching tree diagrams using a method called Cladistics.

18. A clade is a group of species that shares a common ancestor.

19. Each species in a clade shares some traits with the ancestor.

21. more closely related species share more derived characters

22. Derived characters are represented on cladograms as hash marks

24. Clades can be identified by snipping a branch under a node. In this example, the different clades are distinguished by different colors.FEATHERS AND TOOTHLESS BEAKS. SKULL OPENINGS IN FRONT OF THE EYE AND IN THE JAW OPENING IN THE SIDE OF THE SKULL SKULL OPENINGS BEHIND THE EYE EMBRYO PROTECTED BY AMNIOTIC FLUID

26. If two organisms are in the same phylum, what other taxon do they have in common? A. class B. kingdom C. family D. genus Correct Answer = B What is a species? A. a group of organisms that live in the same habitat B. a group of organisms that have similar structures C. a group of organisms that compete for the same food source D. a group of organisms that can breed and produce offspring that can reproduce

27. If two organisms are in the same phylum, what other taxon do they have in common? A. class B. kingdom C. family D. genus Correct Answer = B What is a species? A. a group of organisms that live in the same habitat B. a group of organisms that have similar structures C. a group of organisms that compete for the same food source D. a group of organisms that can breed and produce offspring that can reproduce Correct Answer = D

28. Review Taxonomy is the science of naming and classifying organisms Binomial nomenclature is a two-part scientific naming system The classification groups from largest to smallest = kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species Cladistics is classification based on common ancestry Molecular evidence reveals species’ relatedness DNA is usually given the last word by scientists